Malaysia cut income tax for a second straight year, aiming to spur consumer spending and private investment and help the economy recover from a recession.
The top personal tax rate will be reduced to 26 percent in 2010 from 27 percent, Prime Minister Najib Razak said in his budget speech in Kuala Lumpur today. Southeast Asia’s third- largest economy is expected to expand 2 percent to 3 percent in 2010 after shrinking 3 percent this year, the government said.
“Private sector activity is anticipated to pick up following signs of recovery, enabling the government to consolidate its fiscal position for greater policy flexibility in times of crisis,” the Ministry of Finance said in its 2009/2010 economic report today. “Emphasis will be on creating a conducive environment for businesses and entrepreneurship to thrive in a more liberalized environment.”
Najib has rolled back decades-old protectionist policies to spur investment since taking over as prime minister in April, opening up services industry to foreign investors and easing rules on ethnic-Malay ownership in companies. Najib told parliament today that he wants to transform Malaysia into a “high-income economy.”
“So far, we have been pampered with a series of promising reform-related announcements since Najib took the helm,” said Azrul Azwar Ahmad Tajudin, chief economist at Bank Islam Malaysia Bhd. in Kuala Lumpur. “However, all these investor- friendly announcements will mean nothing if their execution is weak or if they fail to translate into effective action plans.”
Foreign Investment
Malaysia will review rules that may be barriers to investment, and plans to attract foreign investors to take up stakes in local companies, the finance ministry said.
“Under the second wave of privatization, selected government agencies will be privatized,” it said. The government will also provide incentives for investors in five growth corridors and promote the Islamic finance, tourism and information and communications technology industries, it said.
The budget will help open up the Malaysian economy further and address a policy adopted in 1971 that gives advantages to the ethnic-Malay majority in business, housing and government contracts, Second Finance Minister Ahmad Husni Hanadzlah told reporters in Putrajaya yesterday.
“We have to do things differently now,” Najib said in the economic report. “There has to be a paradigm shift and a change in mindset” as Malaysia is “committed” to enhance its competitiveness through market-driven policies, he said.
New Model
Malaysia can’t rely on its old model of developing indigenous, ethnic-Malay entrepreneurs, Ahmad Husni said. Local businesses will need to face market forces, he added.
The government will enable private consumption and investment to stimulate the economy in 2010 as public spending cools, Ahmad Husni said.
The budget shortfall is expected to narrow to 5.6 percent of gross domestic product next year from a 22-year high of 7.4 percent in 2009, according to today’s finance ministry report. Spending in 2010 is expected to be 189.5 billion ringgit ($56 billion), 11.3 percent smaller than this year’s outlay.
The government will review its fuel and other subsidies to ensure they benefit “target” groups and remain “lean,” the ministry said. Competitive bidding for government procurement will help reduce costs, it said.
Lower Subsidies
Subsidies paid by the government to keep prices of fuel and other essential goods and services low will fall 14.7 percent to 20.9 billion ringgit in 2010, helped by an “absence” of payments for food security, fuel cash rebates, sugar, flour and bread, the ministry said. Fuel subsidies are forecast to rise 10.7 percent to 10 billion ringgit amid higher oil prices.
The government will spend less on supplies and services as well as grants to state agencies next year, even as outlays for pensions, salaries and debt servicing increase, it said.
“The federal government will align expenditures to available resources to ensure fiscal sustainability and macroeconomic stability,” the ministry said. “The thrust of fiscal policy in 2010 is to strengthen and sustain the recovery process by further boosting domestic demand.”
A proposed new private pension scheme will boost funds available for the country’s capital markets and provide an additional savings option, it said.
Malaysia, which has unveiled 67 billion ringgit of stimulus initiatives under two packages in the past year, has spent 8.2 billion ringgit from the total as at the end of September, the finance ministry said. The impact from the stimulus will be felt more in the second half of 2009 and spill over into next year, it said.
Light Rail
Major construction projects expected by the government to boost growth next year include a light rail project in and around the capital Kuala Lumpur, a water transfer project and a new low-cost carrier terminal at the country’s main airport.
Total taxes are forecast to shrink 2.8 percent as a 28.3 percent plunge in oil income as well as lower investment, licensing and sales tax revenue counter rising collection from excise duties, company and individual taxes, the ministry said. Income taxes will be bolstered by a recovering economy, the government said.
Inflation will “rise modestly” in 2010 as global commodity prices gain, the ministry said. Malaysia’s monetary policy will “remain supportive of growth,” it said.
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